Professor Kenneth R. Poeppelmeier
Charles E. & Emma H. Morrison Professor of Chemistry
Rm: Tech GG35Ph: 847-491-3505 |
BS,
University of Missouri PhD, Iowa State University Associate Editor, Inorganic Chemistry Associate Director, Northwestern University Science and Technology Center for Superconductivity Editorial Boards, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, CHEMtracks, Chemistry of Materials, Solid State Sciences Lecturer, National Science Council of Taiwan Fellow, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science Chair, American Chemical Society Division of Inorganic Chemistry & Solid-State Chemistry Lecturer, Natural Science Foundation of China |
Inorganic solid-state chemistry has always had widespread use in industrial applications and in diverse fields such as heterogeneous catalysis and ceramics. Our research emphasizes the connections between the synthesis and structure of new materials, the physical properties of new materials, and the technological advances that can result from these discoveries.
One specific example of this is our devlopment of Ag4V2O6F2
(SVOF) as a primary lithium battery material. Presently, Ag2V4O11,
or silver
vanadium oxide (SVO), is used commercially as a cathode material in
primary lithium batteries for high-rate applications, such as those
used in implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs). An ICD monitors
the heartbeat and, when arrhythmia is detected, interrupts the
fibrillation by delivering a shock of 30-35 J to the heart to restore
normal rhythm. To deliver the shock, capacitors are rapidly charged to
a high voltage and then discharged directly into the heart via
electrical leads. SVOF has a higher silver-to-vanadium ratio than SVO,
while preserving critical connectivity in the vanadium oxide fluoride
framework. The silver ions lie between sheets of alternating vanadium
tetrahedra and octahedra chains. This silver interlayer between the
vanadium oxide fluoride sheets allows for lithium diffusion into the
material and silver diffusion out of the material. An open circuit
voltage experiment, which clarifies the voltage plateaus of the
electrode, shows the first plateau is at 3.52 V and the second is at
3.25 V. The initial voltage plateau is nearly 300 mV higher than the
silver reduction potential of SVO. In addition to the higher reduction
potential, the capacity of SVOF above 3 V is 148 mAh/g (892 mAh/cm3),
equivalent
to
3.7
mol
of
lithium
inserted,
while
SVO
has
a
capacity
of
100
mAh/g
(480
mAh/cm3). Thus, it is apparent that the
presence of the fluoride increases the reduction potential of the
silver and the greater silver content increases the capacity at higher
voltages.
Inorganic materials that have unusual structures often exhibit interesting chemical and physical characteristics. For example, layered materials exhibit a wide variety of important technological uses because they offer a unique crystalline architecture that can be designed to achieve specific material properties. Most recently, we have begun synthesizing and testing novel mixed metal ferrites as solid oxide fuel cell electrodes, while also studying the fundamental relationship between the structure and its properties. We are also interested in noncentrosymmetric compounds and their technologically important properties such as ferroelectricity and second-order nonlinear behavior. More recently we have begun to study metal oxides that are transparent throughout the visible range yet are metallic conductors. Our research in these areas, ranging from growth of single crystals to the synthesis of new catalysts, is part of an interdisciplinary research program that involves the collaboration of physicists, materials scientists, and chemists.
Selected Publications
"Hydrothermal
Synthesis
of
Delafossite-Type
Oxides",
Sheets,
W.
C.,
Mugnier,
E.,
Barnabe,
A.,
Marks,
T.
J.,
Poeppelmeier,
K.
R.
Chem. Mater., 2006 18, 7-20.
[PDF]
"Probing
the
Vanadyl
and
Molybdenyl
Bonds
in
Complex
Vanadomolybdate
Structures",
Smit,
J.
P.,
Kim,
H.-S.,
Pless,
J.
D.,
Stair,
P. C., Poeppelmeier, K.
R. Inorg. Chem., 2006 45, 521-528.
[PDF]
"Synthesis,
Crystal
Structure,
and
Nonlinear
Optical
Properties
of
Li6CuB4O10:
A
Congruently
Melting
Compound with Isolated [CuB4O10]6-
Units",
Pan, S., Smit, J. P., Watkins, B., Marvel, M. R., Stern, C. L.,
Poeppelmeier, K. R. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2006, 128,
11631-11634.
[PDF]
"Ag4V2O6F2:
An
Electrochemically
Active
and
High
Silver
Density
Phase",
Sorensen,
E.
M.,
Izumi,
H.
K.,
Vaughey,
J.
T.,
Stern, C. L.,
Poeppelmeier, K. R.
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2005, 127(17), 6347-6352.
[PDF]
"Catalytic
Oxidative
Dehydrogenation
of
Propane
over
Mg-V/Mo
Oxides",
Pless,
J.
D.,
Bardin,
B.
B.,
Kim,
H.-S.,
Ko,
D.,
Smith, M. T.,
Hammond, R. R., Stair, P. C., Poeppelmeier, K. P.J. Catal., 2004,
223,
419-431.
[PDF]
"Single
Crystal
Growth
of
Magnesium
Orthovanadate,
Mg3(VO4)2,
by
the
Optical Floating Zone Technique", Pless, J. D., Erdman, N., Ko, D.,
Marks, L. D., Stair, P. C., Poeppelmeier, K. R. Cryst. Growth Des.,
2003, 3, 615-619.
[PDF]
"The
ordered [WO2F4]2- anion",
Welk, M.E., Norquist, A.J., Stern, C.L., Poeppelmeier, K.R. Inorg.
Chem. 2001, 40, 5479-5480.
[PDF]
"A high yield hydrothermal preparation of CuAlO2",
Shahriari, D.Y., Barnabe, A., Mason, T.O., Poeppelmeier, K.R.
Inorg. Chem., 2001, 40, 5734-5735.
[PDF]
| Stacy Vinokur AnastasiyaVinokur2012@u.northwestern.edu Room: GG27 Research: Oxyfluorides |
Joined Group: Winter 2010 Hometown: Skokie, IL Favorite Molecule: Arsenic |
Last updated January 4, 2011
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Goldman Sachs, Global Investment Research
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Abbott Laboratories
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Aurora University
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Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry
Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Nalco Company
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Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces
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Polyera Corporation
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Ajou University
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Thermo Electron Corporation
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Advanced Materials Laboratory
National Institute for Materials
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Boston Strategic Partners
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Tokyo Electron
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Sandia National Laboratories
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Sandia National Laboratories
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Universite Paul Sabatier Toulouse III
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North Carolina State University
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Clemson University
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